Description#
Given a 2D array of characters grid of size m x n, you need to find if there exists any cycle consisting of the same value in grid.
A cycle is a path of length 4 or more in the grid that starts and ends at the same cell. From a given cell, you can move to one of the cells adjacent to it - in one of the four directions (up, down, left, or right), if it has the same value of the current cell.
Also, you cannot move to the cell that you visited in your last move. For example, the cycle (1, 1) -> (1, 2) -> (1, 1) is invalid because from (1, 2) we visited (1, 1) which was the last visited cell.
Return true if any cycle of the same value exists in grid, otherwise, return false.
Example 1:
Input: grid = [["a","a","a","a"],["a","b","b","a"],["a","b","b","a"],["a","a","a","a"]]
Output: true
Explanation: There are two valid cycles shown in different colors in the image below:
Example 2:
Input: grid = [["c","c","c","a"],["c","d","c","c"],["c","c","e","c"],["f","c","c","c"]]
Output: true
Explanation: There is only one valid cycle highlighted in the image below:
Example 3:
Input: grid = [["a","b","b"],["b","z","b"],["b","b","a"]]
Output: false
Constraints:
m == grid.lengthn == grid[i].length1 <= m, n <= 500grid consists only of lowercase English letters.
Solutions#
Solution 1#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
| class Solution:
def containsCycle(self, grid: List[List[str]]) -> bool:
def find(x):
if p[x] != x:
p[x] = find(p[x])
return p[x]
m, n = len(grid), len(grid[0])
p = list(range(m * n))
for i in range(m):
for j in range(n):
for a, b in [[0, 1], [1, 0]]:
x, y = i + a, j + b
if x < m and y < n and grid[x][y] == grid[i][j]:
if find(x * n + y) == find(i * n + j):
return True
p[find(x * n + y)] = find(i * n + j)
return False
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
| class Solution {
private int[] p;
public boolean containsCycle(char[][] grid) {
int m = grid.length;
int n = grid[0].length;
p = new int[m * n];
for (int i = 0; i < p.length; ++i) {
p[i] = i;
}
int[] dirs = {0, 1, 0};
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < 2; ++k) {
int x = i + dirs[k];
int y = j + dirs[k + 1];
if (x < m && y < n && grid[i][j] == grid[x][y]) {
if (find(x * n + y) == find(i * n + j)) {
return true;
}
p[find(x * n + y)] = find(i * n + j);
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
private int find(int x) {
if (p[x] != x) {
p[x] = find(p[x]);
}
return p[x];
}
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
| class Solution {
public:
vector<int> p;
bool containsCycle(vector<vector<char>>& grid) {
int m = grid.size(), n = grid[0].size();
p.resize(m * n);
for (int i = 0; i < p.size(); ++i) p[i] = i;
vector<int> dirs = {0, 1, 0};
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < 2; ++k) {
int x = i + dirs[k], y = j + dirs[k + 1];
if (x < m && y < n && grid[x][y] == grid[i][j]) {
if (find(x * n + y) == find(i * n + j)) return 1;
p[find(x * n + y)] = find(i * n + j);
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
int find(int x) {
if (p[x] != x) p[x] = find(p[x]);
return p[x];
}
};
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
| func containsCycle(grid [][]byte) bool {
m, n := len(grid), len(grid[0])
p := make([]int, m*n)
for i := range p {
p[i] = i
}
var find func(x int) int
find = func(x int) int {
if p[x] != x {
p[x] = find(p[x])
}
return p[x]
}
dirs := []int{1, 0, 1}
for i := 0; i < m; i++ {
for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
for k := 0; k < 2; k++ {
x, y := i+dirs[k], j+dirs[k+1]
if x < m && y < n && grid[x][y] == grid[i][j] {
if find(x*n+y) == find(i*n+j) {
return true
}
p[find(x*n+y)] = find(i*n + j)
}
}
}
}
return false
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
| impl Solution {
#[allow(dead_code)]
pub fn contains_cycle(grid: Vec<Vec<char>>) -> bool {
let n = grid.len();
let m = grid[0].len();
let mut d_set: Vec<usize> = vec![0; n * m];
// Initialize the disjoint set
for i in 0..n * m {
d_set[i] = i;
}
// Traverse the grid
for i in 0..n {
for j in 0..m {
if i + 1 < n && grid[i + 1][j] == grid[i][j] {
// Check the below cell
let p_curr = Self::find(i * m + j, &mut d_set);
let p_below = Self::find((i + 1) * m + j, &mut d_set);
if p_curr == p_below {
return true;
}
// Otherwise, union the two cells
Self::union(p_curr, p_below, &mut d_set);
}
// Same to the right cell
if j + 1 < m && grid[i][j + 1] == grid[i][j] {
let p_curr = Self::find(i * m + j, &mut d_set);
let p_right = Self::find(i * m + (j + 1), &mut d_set);
if p_curr == p_right {
return true;
}
// Otherwise, union the two cells
Self::union(p_curr, p_right, &mut d_set);
}
}
}
false
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn find(x: usize, d_set: &mut Vec<usize>) -> usize {
if d_set[x] != x {
d_set[x] = Self::find(d_set[x], d_set);
}
d_set[x]
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn union(x: usize, y: usize, d_set: &mut Vec<usize>) {
let p_x = Self::find(x, d_set);
let p_y = Self::find(y, d_set);
d_set[p_x] = p_y;
}
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
| /**
* @param {character[][]} grid
* @return {boolean}
*/
var containsCycle = function (grid) {
const m = grid.length;
const n = grid[0].length;
let p = Array.from({ length: m * n }, (_, i) => i);
function find(x) {
if (p[x] != x) {
p[x] = find(p[x]);
}
return p[x];
}
const dirs = [0, 1, 0];
for (let i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
for (let j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
for (let k = 0; k < 2; ++k) {
const x = i + dirs[k];
const y = j + dirs[k + 1];
if (x < m && y < n && grid[x][y] == grid[i][j]) {
if (find(x * n + y) == find(i * n + j)) {
return true;
}
p[find(x * n + y)] = find(i * n + j);
}
}
}
}
return false;
};
|
